A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Nazeem, Teena
- Prescribing Pattern in an Intensive Car Unit in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Bangalore, South India
Authors
1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, IN
2 Medical ICU, MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Bengaluru, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 14, No Special Ed (2015), Pagination: 48-48Abstract
INTRODUCTION:Critical care presents with a major patient safety challenges and requires fast-paced, complex and urgent high-risk decisionmaking, by physicians with varying levels of critical care training. In Intensive Care Unit (ICU) settings, the rate of preventable and potential Adverse Drug Events (ADEs) is even higher, being almost twice as high as in non-ICUs.Many studies states that, the presence of clinical pharmacists in ICUs has reduced the number of adverse events, improved cost savings and medications, stay, and shortened the duration of ICU admission.AIM: To study the prescribing pattern in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU).
METHOD: A prospective - observational study on prescription pattern was done in the ICU Department of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Bangalore for a period of 6 months. All patients admitted in the ICU above 18 years were included in the study and patients who were admitted in ICU for less than 24 hours were excluded. Patients satisfying Inclusion criteria were enrolled after obtaining Informed Consent (IC) and their medication orders were observed for Prescription Pattern and analysed.
RESULTS and DISCUSSION: A total of 120 cases were observed and analysed in which 45% were females and 55% were males. Majority of the patients belong to the age category of above 50 years. A total of 1165 drugs were prescribed out of which 20% were antibiotics followed by broncho dilators (9.2%), anti-hypertensives (9.4%), corticosteroids and analgesics (7.4%) each, anti-diabetics (5.6%), antidotes (1.6 %) and others (38.8%). Antibiotics were the uppermost class prescribed, among which Ceftriaxone or Cefaperazone -Sulbactum combination was widely found. Atropine (52.6%) was the most commonly prescribed antidote. Among bronchodilators, combination of anti-cholinergics and beta blockers was prescribed more (49%). Short acting glucocorticoid and para- aminophenol derivatives with 81.6% and 85% respectively, were the most prescribed corticosteroid and analgesics.
CONCLUSION: The results of the study highlights areas that need improvement among which most importantly, there is a need to implement local antibiotic management program or infectious disease specialist consultation which could lead to marked reductions in antibiotic consumption. There are considerable variations in the practice of emergency medications by various professionals in the ICU, hence preparation and implementation of emergency medication practice guidelines may bridge the variations among practitioners and continually improve the quality of care to the patients.
Keywords
Prescribing Pattern, Intensive Care Unit.Full Text
- Study on Determinants of Self Medication Practice amongst Consumers in Parts of East Bengaluru
Authors
1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, IN
2 Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, IN
3 Department of Community Medicine, MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Bengaluru, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 14, No Special Ed (2015), Pagination: 56-56Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Self medication is the problem that has the potential to harm society due to irrational use of drugs. The nature and extend of practice of self medication depends upon many factors like nature of the disease, educational qualification of the person, non availability of the specialized person, cultural and social influences.AIM: To identify the socio demographic determinants associated with selfmedication practice in the population of selected area.
METHODOLOGY: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in East Bengaluru area over the period of 6 months using pre tested semi structured questionnaire.The subjects were asked to recollect self medication practice for one year recall period.
RESULTS& DISCUSSION: The data on socio demographic characteristics and practice of self medication were collected from 427 study participants. A significant correlation was observed particular age group ( 24 - 30 years)[Prob>F = 0.0056, Prob>|t| = <0.0001]; while a moderate correlation for education[Prob>|t| = <0.0001], occupation [Prob>|t| = <0.0001] and economic status[Prob>|t| = <0.0001] of the survey respondents. And no particular correlation was observed for gender, familial types and the area of domicile of the participants.
The frequency of self medication use ranged from minimum of one time to all the time.Fever (68.67%), pain (54.56%), and cough (42.15%) were the most common illnesses where self-medication is common. Pain killers (68.85%) and antipyretics (50.58%) were the most commonly used self medicating drugs. Telling the symptoms to pharmacist (89.69%) was the commonest method adopted to procure drugs by the users. The major reason for self medication was lack of time to visit doctor (32.31). Only 33.34% of the subjects agree self medication is harmful; but most of them (66.97%) did not advise others to use self-medication drugs.
CONCLUSION: Self medication is more prevalent among the younger population of the respondents, irrespective of their educational backgrounds andeconomic status. A newer approach to connect with andeducating these consumers is essential.
Keywords
Self Medication, Community Pharmacist, OTC Medications.Full Text
- Assessment of Knowledge Attitude and Practice on Tuberculosis Patients on Dots Therapy
Authors
1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, IN
2 Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 14, No Special Ed (2015), Pagination: 64-64Abstract
Introduction: An estimated incidence figure of 2.2 million cases of Tuberculosis (TB) out of a global incidence of 8.6 million cases was found, making India the world's highest Tuberculosis burden country in 2014. Effective treatment of TB requires compliance to a minimum of 6 months treatment with multiple drugs.Patient adherence to the standard anti-TB therapy in developing countries has been estimated to be as low as 40%. Hence, this study assessed the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) among patients on DOTs (Direct Observed Treatment,Short-course) therapy across various DOTS centres in Bengaluru, South India.Aim: The aim of this study is to assess KAP of TB patients in DOTs centers
Methodology: A Prospective-Educational Interventional study on 113 patients, receiving DOTS therapy was conducted on DOT's centres in Hoskote region for a period of six months.Patient's level of knowledge attitude and practice were assessed using suitable KAP questionnaire.
Result & Discussion: Out of 113 patients studied, 46.9 % (N=53) were found to have poor KAP, 52.2 %( N=59) were found to have medium KAP and 0.88% (N=1) were found to have high KAP during the baseline interview. Only sixteen percent of the respondent's family had acceptable attitude whereas eighty two percent of the respondents had non-acceptable attitude. From the study it was clear that there is still a need to strengthen the educational activities on TB through mass media; they are excellent venues for information-dissemination and pharmacist assisted care/counseling.
Conclusion: The prospective-educational study revealed that although knowledge regarding curability and duration of treatment were satisfactory, but knowledge about symptoms, mode of transmission, preventive measures, life style modifications were not up to the mark. There is still a great need to educate individuals on priority basis.
Keywords
Tuberculosis, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice.Full Text
- Nimesulide Induced Stevens Johnson Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors
1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, IN
2 Department of Dermatology, MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Bengaluru, IN
3 Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 14, No Special Ed (2015), Pagination: 69-69Abstract
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare, life-threatening mucocutaneous reaction that predominantly involve the skin and mucous membranes and which is most often elicited by drugs and occasionally by infections. SJS and TEN are considered to be the same condition on two ends of a spectrum, differing only by the extent of epidermal detachment. Several drugs are at high risk of implicating TEN/SJS including: antimicrobials like sulfonamide followed by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), anticonvulsant drugs, and anti-gout drug etc.Here report a case of TEN in 23 year old male following the ingestion of Tab. Nimesulide. Nimesulide is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory (NSAID) drug with antipyretic and analgesic properties. There have been very few previous reports of SJS/TEN induced by the ingestion of Nimesulide in the medical literature.
The patient was managed aggressively with parenteral corticosteroids, antimicrobial drugs, emollients, nutritional supplement and palliative care. This case highlights the importance of Nimesulide and other NSAIDS as the possible cause of SJS/TEN. Nimesulide has never been approved for use in countries like USA, UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Japan and other countries in view of concerns over its safety profile.
However, in India, due to paucity of data, the drug is rampantly used and available as OTC product. Government of India and Regulatory Authorities should createawareness among practitioners to report all the ADRs to the Adverse Drug Reactions Reporting Centers.
Keywords
Nimesulide, Steven-Johnson Syndrome, Corticosteroids.Full Text
- Evaluation of Prevalence of Selected Maternal Behaviours and Experiences by Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
Authors
1 Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, IN
2 College of Pharmacy, The University of Nizwa, OM
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 14, No Special Ed (2015), Pagination: 83-83Abstract
Various maternal behaviours and experiences before, during, and after pregnancy such as unintended pregnancy, late entry into prenatal care, cigarette smoking etc are associated with adverse health outcomes for both the mother and the infant.Information regarding maternal behaviours and experiences is needed to monitor trends to enhance the understanding of the relations between behaviours and health outcomes, to plan and evaluate programs, to direct policy decisions, and to monitor progress toward healthy people. The Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) is an ongoing, state- and population-based surveillance system designed to monitor selected self-reported maternal behaviours and experiences that occur before, during, and after pregnancy among women who deliver a live-born infant. PRAMS provides state-specific data for planning and assessing health programs and for describing maternal experiences that may contribute to maternal and infant health.As per the surveillance data, the prevalence of unintended pregnancy resulting in a live birth ranged from 33.7% to 52% across the 17 states in US. The prevalence of late or no entry into prenatal care ranged from 16.1% to 29.9%. The prevalence of smoking during the last 3 months of pregnancy ranged from 6.2% to 27.2%. Overall, smoking during the last 3 months of pregnancy was associated with younger age (<25 years). The prevalence of physical abuse by a husband or partner during pregnancy ranged from 2.1% to 6.3% whereas for breast-feeding initiation ranged from 48% to 89%.Keywords
PRAM, Maternal Behaviours, Unintended Pregnancy.Full Text
- Evaluation of Modified Borg Dyspnoea Score and 6-Minute Walk Test in Pulmonaryarterial Hypertensionpatients Recievingphosphodiesterase Inhibitors
Authors
1 Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, IN
2 College of Pharmacy, University of Nizwa, OM
3 Clinical Pharmacy Department, CHL Apollo, Indore, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 14, No Special Ed (2015), Pagination: 95-95Abstract
Introduction: Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) is a progressive condition that results in right heart failure and death1. Patients with PAH who do not receive disease targeted therapy have a poor quality of life and high mortality rates with a median survival of less than three years from diagnosis2,3. In the last few years, oral Sildenafil Citrate (a specific phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor which is widely used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction), has shownpromising results as a novel oral monotherapy in the treatment of PAH.Methodology: A prospective open label randomized study was conducted over a period of 8 months in hospitalized patients who visited the in- patient block in a tertiary care hospital in Nilgris. Simple Randomization technique was adopted to allocate the patients into three studygroups. At the baseline Visit, Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale (MBDS) and 6 MWT(6 Minute Walk Test) were evaluated to confirm study criteria and were allotted into 3 doses based on their severity upon Right Ventricular Systolic Pressure. The same parameters were assessed on each visit for all the patients throughout thestudy period.
Results and Discussion: In our study, Sildenafil Citrate showed an improvement in MBDS and 6 MWT after 8 months of therapy which were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test. A remarkable improvement in6MWT from 171.88±52.4 metres to 337.12±71.84 metres was observed. There was an improvement in dyspnea by Borg scale in all study groups. Cor-pulmonale patients were more benefited (p<0.001) whereas patients with Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) and Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) also improved significantly (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Sildenafil has been reported to be welltolerated among the patient population. The patients who were slightly affected at baseline with moderate to severe dyspnoea became slight grade which.
Keywords
PAH, MBDS, 6MWT.Full Text
- Assessment of Knowledge Attitude and Practice on DOTs Therapy by Tubercular Patients
Authors
1 Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bangalore-560 035, IN
2 Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Chikka Bellandur, Carmelaram post, Varthurhobli, Bangalore-560 035, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 15, No 2 (2016), Pagination: 51-55Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: India is marked as world's highest Tuberculosis (TB) burden country in the year 2014 with an estimated incidence of 2.2 million cases.Patient adherence to the standard anti-TB therapy in developing countries has been estimated to be as low as 40%. Therefore we found our study is relevant to the situation.
DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY: A prospective- Educational Interventional study was conducted among 113 patients across DOTs centers in and around Bengaluru. Patient's level of knowledge, attitude and practice towards TB were assessed by conducting structured interviews using suitable validated KAP (Knowledge Attitude and Practice) questionnaire.
RESULT:Of the 113 patients, 46.9 % were found to have poor KAP, 52.2 % were found to have medium KAP and 0.88% of patients were found to have high KAP during the baseline interview.
IMPLICATION AND VALUE OF THE STUDY: A more comprehensive approach for patient education, incorporating easier access to drugs and emphasizing on motivating patients to come to the clinic to receive therapy are essential for completion of treatment course among TB patients.
CONCLUSION: Hence this study assessed level of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) among patients with tuberculosis and revealed the need for providing more knowledge about tuberculosis and medications among patients.
Keywords
Knowledge Attitude Practice, KAP, Tuberculosis, DOTs.Full Text
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